Overview:

An abscess occurs when an area of tissue becomes infected.  If the cat is bitten (or scratched) during a fight bacteria are injected under the skin, the skin heals over trapping the bacteria underneath. The bacteria kill the local cells & release toxins. In response, body  walls off the infection to prevent it from spreading. An inflammatory response occurs, drawing huge amounts of white blood cells to the area & increasing regional blood flow. Pus forms, which is an accumulation of fluid, toxins, living & dead white blood cells, dead tissue & bacteria. This area begins to grow, creating tension under the skin and further inflammation of the surrounding tissues.

Bite wound abscesses are seen more often in un-neutered male cats who are allowed to free roam. They tend to be more territorial & therefore become involved in cat fights with neighbourhood cats.

An abscess is extremely painful to the cat, and usually requires veterinary attention.

What are the symptoms of an abscess?

Abscesses are most frequently found around the head, limbs & back & base of the tail. By the time you find the abscess it may or may not have drained. If it has drained you may notice a foul smelling discharge. Other signs your cat has an abscess include;

• Hot, swollen & painful area, possibly red & or with missing fur
• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy
• Lameness
• Listlessness

An abscess isn't always visible, especially with the cat's coat which may hide the wound, so if your cat is acting off colour, appears to be in pain or displays any other symptoms above, it is advisable to seek veterinary assistance.

What is the treatment for an abscess?

If the abscess hasn't drained, your veterinarian will cut,  drain & remove the necrotic tissue. This will either be done under sedation or general anaesthetic.

If the abscess is large, a surgical drain may be required to assist with the removal of pus. This will require daily flushing.

Your veterinarian will put your cat on a course of antibiotics.

Warm compress applied several times a day may be beneficial.

It is important to ensure you seek veterinary attention for an abscess, if left untreated infection may enter the bloodstream & cause septicaemia.