What is shock?

Shock is a life threatening condition defined as a lack of blood flow which results in the body not receiving enough oxygen & nutrients.   Any condition which affects the heart, vessels or blood volume can induce shock. [1] If not recognised & treated immediately it can be fatal.

There are several different 'types' of shock including; hypovolemic, cardiogenic, septic & anaphylactic shock, and also many  are many causes of shock, some common causes include blood loss, dehydration (from prolonged vomiting & or diarrhoea), heat stroke, blood infection (sepsis) & poisoning. The most common type of shock is hypovolemic shock, which is caused by loss of fluid from the circulation.

What are the symptoms of shock?

• Weak & rapid pulse
• Pale skin & mucous membranes
• Difficulty standing
• May be unaware of their surroundings
• Gums first turn dark pink or red, then become grey
• Shallow but rapid breathing (greater than 40 per minute)
• Slow capillary refill time
• Hypothermia

Home care:

• Keep yourself & your cat as calm as possible
• If your cat is not breathing, proceed with artificial breathing
• If no heartbeat or pulse, administer CPR
• If unconscious, check that the airway is open. Clear secretions from the mouth with your fingers. Keep the head lower than the body.
• If bleeding, control by applying direct pressure to the wound
• Place a towel or blanket on your cat to keep him/her warm
• Don't give anything to eat or drink
• Proceed to your vet immediately

To summarise:

Shock is incredibly serious & can quickly kill if not treated immediately. If your cat has been hit by a car but appears happy & well it is still important to take it to the veterinarian for a check up because it may be in shock without you knowing.

References:

[1] Cat Owner's Home Veterinary Handbook - Delbert G. Carlson